The Operating System Linux - 916 Words

3. Linux 3.1 Introduction: The operating system Linux is an open source version of UNIX [6]. In 1992 [8] Linus Torvalds, who was a computer science student -at the University of Helsinki- [6], was the one who started this operating system. Linux is used on variety of hardware (e.g. on workstations, mid-and high-end servers and on gadgets), which makes it unique [6]. Linux keeps maintaining its position in the market due to the hard work of both employees and volunteers [6]. Previously, UNIX systems used batch jobs, which run a process until it is finished and then the next process will run [8]. What UNIX used is known as â€Å"non-preemptive scheduling† [8]. After years, preemptive scheduling was used to run processes in parallel by switching between them [8]. 3.2 Scheduling Technique: Linux scheduler is based on Time-Sharing Scheduling technique [7], which means â€Å"It can effectively schedule tasks that have strict timing requirements†. The CPU is divided into small sections, which allows many process to run simultaneously [7]. Time-sharing depends on â€Å"timer interrupts† [7]. 3.2 Scheduling Priorities: The priority ranges differ for real- time tasks and normal tasks in Linux scheduler [1]. In real-time tasks: priorities vary from 0 to 99. In normal tasks: processes’ priorities range from 100 to 139. Processes who have higher priorities are â€Å"numerically† lower than others [1]. Normal tasks are appointed priorities â€Å"based on their niceShow MoreRelatedThe Elements Of The Operating System For Linux1190 Words   |  5 Pagesof the operating system for the LINUX comprises of the components such as follows: System Calls – The system calls are the service requests made for the specific kernels. Signals – The signals are the calling functions for the operating system to the process and requests. Processes – The process management is used to provide the creation, scheduling and management of various processes. 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